Sarmiento Nuñez Consulting

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Noticias más actuales

25 October 2020
Sentencia Maduro Board of the BCV vs. Guaido Board of the BCV, UK Royal Courts of Justice

Algunos extractos de la Sentencia #Maduro Board of the BCV vs. #Guaido Board of the #BCV, #UK Royal Courts of Justice, 5 October 2020:

Claramente, cuando el Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores en el presente caso declaró que el Gobierno de Su Majestad "ahora reconoce a Juan Guaidó como el Presidente interino constitucional de Venezuela", no estaba

02 July 2020
Asociación Civil El Semillero y la Escuelita de Los Llanos

Esta es una presentación de la Asociación civil que se ocupa de recolectar fondos para mantener la Escuelita de Los Llanos., un lugar excepcional en donde niños venezolanos de menores recursos reciben el trato y la educación que muchos niños de familias con mayor poder adquisitivo desearían recibir. Dale un vistazo y si te parece una labor que vale la p

27 May 2020
SNC va en dirección de SKC

Querido lector:

En los últimos días, nuestra cofundadora María Gabriela Sarmiento ha lanzado una empresa de consultoría independiente de SNC. La gestión, administración, finanzas, asuntos fiscales, deberes y responsabilidades de la nueva firma fundada no tienen ningún nexo legal directo o indirecto con SNC. El nombre de la firma reci&e

22 September 2016
Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Embajada Vzla en Berna

Esta es la lista no actualizada correspodiente a los venezolanos residenciados en Suiza inscritos en el Registro Electoral del CNE llevado por la Embajada de la Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela en Berna.

Nuestro principal objetivo es ofrecer servicios personalizados, competitivos y globales de consultoría y de gestión a pequeñas y medianas empresas, particulares, entes gubernamentales y organizaciones internacionales el mundo entero; ello con uso de las nuevas tecnologías.

Our clients are, national and foreign, financial institutions, international organizations, governmental institutions, small and medium size enterprises and individuals.

Ver clientes

Servicios

Quiénes Somos?

Somos un grupo multidisciplinario de profesionales del derecho con experiencia en diferentes campos como comercio internacional y derecho comercial, tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, derecho bancario, propiedad intelectual, corporativo, litigio, penal, laboral, constitucional y civil. Nuestra reconocida firma de abogados Sarmiento Núñez & Asociados, que se encuentra ubicada en Caracas, Venezuela, fue fundada en 1967.

Debido a los cambios tecnológicos, sociales y económicos que ocurren en el mundo y para responder a la necesidad de nuestros clientes, hemos tomado la decisión de ampliar el alcance de los servicios ofrecidos a nuestros clientes.

En función de esto, creamos en el año de 2005 una nueva firma consultora llamada Sarmiento Núñez Consulting. SNC ofrece múltiples opciones de servicios. Muchos expertos calificados de Venezuela y el extranjero, se han unido a nuestra red de expertos.

Su cofundadora Maria Gabriela Sarmiento registró una sucursal de SNC en Zurich en 2013 y en 2020 formó una firma unipersonal separada e independiente de SNC.

Casos y Proyectos

The projects, activities and cases developed in the past years are related to most variable topics. We went from a Maritime trial to a Civil Aviation investigation, from a Seminar on Legal Aspects of Electronic Commerce to a Workshop on Rules and Regulations of security at work. From seeking agreement among heirs to coordinating the incorporation of international business companies in the Caribbean

Ver

Publicaciones

Información general

Arbitraje comercial

Nuevas tecnologías

Publicaciones de socios y aliados estratégicos

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	'content_for_layout' => '<h2>Release Notes for CakePHP 2.5.6.</h2>
<p>
	<a href="http://cakephp.org/changelogs/2.5.6">Read the changelog</a></p>
	<p id="url-rewriting-warning" style="background-color:#e32; color:#fff;">
		URL rewriting is not properly configured on your server.		1) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/installation/url-rewriting.html" style="color:#fff;">Help me configure it</a>
		2) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/development/configuration.html#cakephp-core-configuration" style="color:#fff;">I don't / can't use URL rewriting</a>
	</p>
<p>
<span class="notice success">Your version of PHP is 5.2.8 or higher.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your tmp directory is writable.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">The <em>FileEngine</em> is being used for core caching. To change the config edit APP/Config/core.php</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your database configuration file is present.</span></p>
	<p>
		<span class="notice success">CakePHP is able to connect to the database.</span>	</p>

<p>
	<span class="notice">DebugKit is not installed. It will help you inspect and debug different aspects of your application.<br/>You can install it from <a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">GitHub</a></span></p>

<h3>Editing this Page</h3>
<p>
To change the content of this page, edit: APP/View/Pages/home.ctp.<br />
To change its layout, edit: APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp.<br />
You can also add some CSS styles for your pages at: APP/webroot/css.</p>

<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/" target="_blank"><strong>New</strong> CakePHP 2.0 Docs</a></p>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/blog/blog.html" target="_blank">The 15 min Blog Tutorial</a></p>

<h3>Official Plugins</h3>
<p>
<ul>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">DebugKit</a>:
		provides a debugging toolbar and enhanced debugging tools for CakePHP applications.	</li>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/localized">Localized</a>:
		contains various localized validation classes and translations for specific countries	</li>
</ul>
</p>

<h3>More about CakePHP</h3>
<p>
CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP which uses commonly known design patterns like Active Record, Association Data Mapping, Front Controller and MVC.</p>
<p>
Our primary goal is to provide a structured framework that enables PHP users at all levels to rapidly develop robust web applications, without any loss to flexibility.</p>

<ul>
	<li><a href="http://cakephp.org">CakePHP</a>
	<ul><li>The Rapid Development Framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://book.cakephp.org">CakePHP Documentation </a>
	<ul><li>Your Rapid Development Cookbook</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://api.cakephp.org">CakePHP API </a>
	<ul><li>Quick API Reference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://bakery.cakephp.org">The Bakery </a>
	<ul><li>Everything CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://plugins.cakephp.org">CakePHP Plugins </a>
	<ul><li>A comprehensive list of all CakePHP plugins created by the community</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://community.cakephp.org">CakePHP Community Center </a>
	<ul><li>Everything related to the CakePHP community in one place</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/cake-php">CakePHP Google Group </a>
	<ul><li>Community mailing list</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/cakephp">irc.freenode.net #cakephp</a>
	<ul><li>Live chat about CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/">CakePHP Code </a>
	<ul><li>Find the CakePHP code on GitHub and contribute to the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/issues">CakePHP Issues </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Issues</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/wiki#roadmaps">CakePHP Roadmaps </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Roadmaps</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://training.cakephp.org">Training </a>
	<ul><li>Join a live session and get skilled with the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefest.org">CakeFest </a>
	<ul><li>Don't miss our annual CakePHP conference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefoundation.org">Cake Software Foundation </a>
	<ul><li>Promoting development related to CakePHP</li></ul></li>
</ul>
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			'description' => 'Transparencia y ética profesional. 
Personalizar y adaptar los servicios a nuestra clientela.
Productos de la mejor calidad.
Honorarios razonables como resultado de la reducción de costos debido al uso de nuevas tecnologías. 
Servicios valor añadido y resultados documentados con el uso de nuevas tecnologías . 
Eficacia y exactitud 
Capacidad y Profesionalismo'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	)
)
$contacto = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Venezuela: ',
			'description' => array(
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			)
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'description' => 'CONTACTO'
		)
	),
	(int) 1 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Correos electrónicos: ',
			'description' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'description' => 'CONTACTO'
		)
	)
)
$teams = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'name' => 'Luisa Virginia',
			'last_name' => 'González Zambrano, Directora principal y co-fundadora',
			'telephone' => '0058219798171',
			'email' => 'lv.gonzalez@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1080',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_1',
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	(int) 1 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'name' => 'María Gabriela',
			'last_name' => 'Sarmiento, co-fundadora',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'mg.sarmiento@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_2',
			'position' => '2',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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	(int) 2 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'name' => 'Marilyn Dayana',
			'last_name' => 'Oviedo Villarreal, Representante legal',
			'telephone' => '+5492615328941',
			'email' => 'm.oviedo@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_6',
			'position' => '3',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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	(int) 3 => array(
		'Team' => array(
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			'name' => 'Arihaydis',
			'last_name' => 'Acuña Lagares, Representante legal',
			'telephone' => '00582124248467',
			'email' => 'a.acuna@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_7',
			'position' => '4',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 4 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '8',
			'name' => 'Aura Marina',
			'last_name' => 'Torres Guilpén, Administración',
			'telephone' => '00582124248467',
			'email' => 'admin@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_8',
			'position' => '5',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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	(int) 5 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '13',
			'name' => 'Laura G.',
			'last_name' => 'Rosales Torres, Auditorías',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'l.rosales@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => '',
			'position' => '8',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array()
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)
$clientes = array(
	'title' => 'Clientes',
	'description' => 'Our clients are, national and foreign, financial institutions, international organizations, governmental institutions, small and medium size enterprises and individuals.'
)
$casos = array(
	'title' => 'Casos y Proyectos',
	'description' => 'The projects, activities and cases developed in the past years are related to most variable topics. We went from a Maritime trial to a Civil Aviation investigation, from a Seminar on Legal Aspects of Electronic Commerce to a Workshop on Rules and Regulations of security at work. From seeking agreement among heirs to coordinating the incorporation of international business companies in the Caribbean'
)
$recent_news = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'News' => array(
			'id' => '27',
			'title' => 'Sentencia Maduro Board of the BCV vs. Guaido Board of the BCV, UK Royal Courts of Justice',
			'description' => '<p>Algunos extractos de la Sentencia #Maduro Board of the BCV vs. #Guaido Board of the #BCV, #UK Royal Courts of Justice, 5 October 2020:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Claramente, cuando el Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores en el presente caso declar&oacute; que el Gobierno de Su Majestad &quot;ahora&nbsp;reconoce a Juan Guaid&oacute; como el Presidente interino constitucional de Venezuela&quot;, no estaba diciendo que el Sr. Guaid&oacute; estaba ejerciendo un control efectivo sobre el territorio de Venezuela y que ese control estaba firmemente establecido. Leer estas palabras en ese sentido ser&iacute;a inconsistente con el resto de la declaraci&oacute;n, protestando como lo hace sobre la continua opresi&oacute;n del pueblo venezolano por &quot;el r&eacute;gimen ileg&iacute;timo clept&oacute;crata de Maduro&quot;. Por consiguiente, la declaraci&oacute;n no puede interpretarse como un reconocimiento el Sr. Guaid&oacute; como Presidente de jure en el sentido de Oppenheim, para no dejar lugar a la posibilidad de seguir reconociendo al Sr. Maduro como Presidente de facto.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>El Derecho Internacional de Oppenheim establece en el p&aacute;rrafo 46:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&quot;Los Estados que conceden el reconocimiento distinguen a menudo entre de jure reconocimiento y reconocimiento de facto. Estos t&eacute;rminos son convenientes pero el&iacute;ptico: los t&eacute;rminos de jure o de facto califican al estado o gobierno reconocido en lugar del acto de reconocimiento en s&iacute;.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>En este contexto, estos t&eacute;rminos probablemente no son capaces de un an&aacute;lisis literal, en particular en lo que respecta a los ius a los que el reconocimiento de jure se refiere. La distinci&oacute;n entre de jure y de facto el reconocimiento es en esencia que el primero es el tipo m&aacute;s completo de reconocimiento, mientras que el &uacute;ltimo es un grado menor de reconocimiento, teniendo en cuenta de manera provisional las realidades actuales. As&iacute;, el reconocimiento de facto tiene lugar cuando, en opini&oacute;n del Estado reconocido, la nueva autoridad, aunque en realidad independiente y con poder efectivo en el territorio bajo su control, no ha adquirido la suficiente estabilidad o todav&iacute;a no ofrecen perspectivas de cumplir con otros requisitos de reconocimiento&quot;.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Es evidente que para describir el reconocimiento de la soberan&iacute;a de jure como &quot;el m&aacute;s completo reconocimiento que puede darse&quot; debe utilizase el t&eacute;rmino en el sentido de Oppenheim (de hecho, este que se repite en el lenguaje de Oppenheim. De manera similar, la declaraci&oacute;n de Lord Hodson en el 925C-D, que cuando la URSS fue reconocida como teniendo soberan&iacute;a de jure, no hab&iacute;a lugar para ning&uacute;n otro reconocimiento de facto, debe ser entendido como usando de estos t&eacute;rminos en el sentido de Oppenheim. Sin embargo, en estos dict&aacute;menes no se duda del hecho de que, cuando estos t&eacute;rminos se usan en el sentido de Lutero contra Sagor, es perfectamente posible que el HMG reconozca a una persona de jure y a otra de facto, como el propio Lord Reid contempl&oacute; en Gdynia Amerika Line v Boguslawski.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Traducci&oacute;n realizada por Deepl. de estos extractos:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Plainly, when the Foreign Secretary in the present case stated that HMG &ldquo;now recognises Juan Guaid&oacute; as the constitutional interim President of Venezuela&rdquo;, he was not saying that Mr Guaid&oacute; was exercising effective control over the territory of Venezuela and that such control was firmly established. To read these words in that way would be inconsistent with the remainder of the statement, protesting as it does about the continuing oppression of the Venezuelan people by &ldquo;the illegitimate, kleptocratic Maduro regime&rdquo;. Accordingly the statement cannot be read as recognising Mr Guaid&oacute; as President de jure in the Oppenheim sense, so as to leave no room for the possibility of continuing to recognise Mr Maduro as President de facto.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Oppenheim&rsquo;s International Law at paragraph 46:</p><p>&ldquo;States granting recognition often distinguish between de jure recognition and de facto recognition. These terms are convenient but elliptical: the terms de jure or de facto qualify the state or government recognised rather than the act of recognition itself.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Those terms are in this context probably not capable of literal analysis, particularly in terms of the ius to which recognition de jure refers. The distinction between de jure and de facto recognition is in essence that the former is the fullest kind of&nbsp;recognition while the latter is a lesser degree of recognition, taking account on a provisional basis of present realities. Thus de facto recognition takes place when, in the view of the recognising state, the new authority, although actually independent and wielding effective power in the territory under&nbsp;its control, has not acquired sufficient stability or does not as yet offer prospects of complying with other requirements of recognition.&rdquo;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>It is apparent that to describe recognition of de jure sovereignty as &ldquo;the fullest recognition which can be given&rdquo; is to use the term in the Oppenheim sense (indeed, this phrase echoes the language of Oppenheim set out at [80] above). Similarly Lord Hodson&rsquo;s statement at 925C-D, that when the U.S.S.R. was recognised as having de jure sovereignty, there was no room for any other de facto recognition, must be understood as using these terms in the Oppenheim sense. However, these dicta cast no doubt on the fact that, when these terms are used in the Luther v Sagor sense, it is perfectly possible for HMG to recognise one person de jure and another de facto, as Lord Reid himself contemplated in Gdynia Amerika Line v Boguslawski.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Sentencia: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Maduro-Board-v-Guaido-Board-judgment.pdf &nbsp;</p>',
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			'name' => 'Sentencia Maduro Board of the BCV vs. Guaido Board of the BCV, UK Royal Courts of Justice  ',
			'description' => 'Sentencia en donde se decide que Maduro y su clan forman parte del gobierno de facto de Venezuela y que Guaido y su clan integran el gobierno de iure de Venezuela. El primero es jefe de gobierno, el segundo jefe de estado. ',
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		'News' => array(
			'id' => '26',
			'title' => 'Asociación Civil El Semillero y la Escuelita de Los Llanos',
			'description' => '<p>Esta es una presentaci&oacute;n de la Asociaci&oacute;n civil que se ocupa de recolectar fondos para mantener la Escuelita de Los Llanos., un lugar excepcional en donde ni&ntilde;os venezolanos de menores recursos reciben el trato y la educaci&oacute;n que muchos ni&ntilde;os de familias con mayor poder adquisitivo desear&iacute;an recibir. Dale un vistazo y si te parece una labor que vale la pena apoyar, &iexcl;cont&aacute;ctalos! Los ni&ntilde;os en Los Lanas de Venezuela estar&aacute;n inmensamente agradecidos. &nbsp;</p>',
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			'news_category_id' => '3',
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Los niños en Los Lanas de Venezuela estarán inmensamente agradecidos.',
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			'id' => '23',
			'title' => 'SNC va en dirección de SKC',
			'description' => '<p>Querido lector:</p><p>En los &uacute;ltimos d&iacute;as, nuestra cofundadora Mar&iacute;a Gabriela Sarmiento ha lanzado una empresa de consultor&iacute;a independiente de&nbsp;SNC. La gesti&oacute;n, administraci&oacute;n, finanzas, asuntos fiscales, deberes y responsabilidades de la nueva firma fundada no tienen ning&uacute;n nexo legal directo o indirecto con SNC. El nombre de la firma reci&eacute;n incorporada es Sarmiento Klumpner Consulting. El nombre le permitir&aacute; identificarla f&aacute;cilmente a trav&eacute;s de su marca corporativa.</p><p>Una caracter&iacute;stica importante de esta nueva firma es que el &uacute;nico beneficiario econ&oacute;mico de la firma es su fundadora, Mar&iacute;a Gabriela Sarmiento. T&oacute;melo como una especie de emancipaci&oacute;n. Mar&iacute;a Gabriela, que es abogada inscrita en el Colegio de Abogados de Caracas, seguir&aacute; sin embargo trabajando estrechamente con su socia de hace veinte a&ntilde;os, la jurista francesa Rachel Pachoud, en todos los asuntos relacionados con el Derecho franc&eacute;s. Rachel y Mar&iacute;a Gabriela hicieron una maestr&iacute;a en Derecho Mercantil Internacional juntas en Francia. Mar&iacute;a Gabriela lleva por supuesto su cartera a SKC, que seguir&aacute; prestando asesoramiento jur&iacute;dico a sus clientes. Ella&nbsp;seguir&aacute; trabajando en su tesis doctoral relacionada con la recuperaci&oacute;n de activos extranjeros robados&nbsp;y su restituci&oacute;n al pa&iacute;s de origen, una vez queestos hayan sido localizados e identificados en un centro financiero offshore. &nbsp;</p><p>SKC podr&aacute; utilizar temporalmente los nombres de dominio snconsult.com y snconsult.ch, porque los nombres de dominio skconsult.ch y .com est&aacute;n ocupados. &nbsp;Sin embargo, se ha reservado tentativamente los nombres de dominio sklegalconsult.ch y consultsk.ch.&nbsp;</p><p>Cuando haya un cambio pol&iacute;tico en Venezuela,&nbsp;se retiren las sanciones econ&oacute;micas, y se excluya al pa&iacute;s de&nbsp;la lista de pa&iacute;ses de alto riesgo, Mar&iacute;a Gabriela considerar&aacute; volver a trabajar con el SNC. Las ra&iacute;ces no ser&aacute;n olvidadas. Se podr&aacute;n simplemente &quot;en reposo&quot;.</p><p>Saludos cordiales,</p><p>Grupo SNC<br />27 de mayo de 2020</p>',
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			'created' => '2020-05-23 21:51:41',
			'modified' => '2020-06-27 15:42:31',
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		'News' => array(
			'id' => '21',
			'title' => 'Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Embajada Vzla en Berna',
			'description' => '<p>Esta es la lista no actualizada correspodiente a los venezolanos residenciados en Suiza inscritos en el Registro Electoral del CNE llevado por la Embajada de la Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela en Berna.</p>',
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			'galeria_id' => '61',
			'count' => '1828',
			'created' => '2016-09-22 21:26:27',
			'modified' => '2025-07-16 18:00:53',
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		'Galeria' => array(
			'id' => '61',
			'name' => 'Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Emb Berna',
			'description' => 'Este es el listado, tal vez no actualizado, del Registro Electoral del CNE de los venezolanos residenciados en Suiza, llevado por la Embajada de Venezuela en Berna, Suiza ',
			'status_id' => '1',
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			'created' => '2016-09-22 21:23:38',
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$testimonials = array()
$publicaciones = array(
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			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Información general',
			'status_id' => '1',
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		)
	),
	(int) 1 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'title' => 'Arbitraje comercial',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 2 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '4',
			'title' => 'Nuevas tecnologías',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 3 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '5',
			'title' => 'Publicaciones de socios y aliados estratégicos',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 4 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '14',
			'title' => 'Tesis doctoral en Derecho MGS',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	)
)
$title_for_layout = ''
$page = 'home'
$subpage = null
$url_img = 'http://wspanel.snconsult.com/img/photos/'
$content_for_layout = '<h2>Release Notes for CakePHP 2.5.6.</h2>
<p>
	<a href="http://cakephp.org/changelogs/2.5.6">Read the changelog</a></p>
	<p id="url-rewriting-warning" style="background-color:#e32; color:#fff;">
		URL rewriting is not properly configured on your server.		1) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/installation/url-rewriting.html" style="color:#fff;">Help me configure it</a>
		2) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/development/configuration.html#cakephp-core-configuration" style="color:#fff;">I don't / can't use URL rewriting</a>
	</p>
<p>
<span class="notice success">Your version of PHP is 5.2.8 or higher.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your tmp directory is writable.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">The <em>FileEngine</em> is being used for core caching. To change the config edit APP/Config/core.php</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your database configuration file is present.</span></p>
	<p>
		<span class="notice success">CakePHP is able to connect to the database.</span>	</p>

<p>
	<span class="notice">DebugKit is not installed. It will help you inspect and debug different aspects of your application.<br/>You can install it from <a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">GitHub</a></span></p>

<h3>Editing this Page</h3>
<p>
To change the content of this page, edit: APP/View/Pages/home.ctp.<br />
To change its layout, edit: APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp.<br />
You can also add some CSS styles for your pages at: APP/webroot/css.</p>

<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/" target="_blank"><strong>New</strong> CakePHP 2.0 Docs</a></p>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/blog/blog.html" target="_blank">The 15 min Blog Tutorial</a></p>

<h3>Official Plugins</h3>
<p>
<ul>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">DebugKit</a>:
		provides a debugging toolbar and enhanced debugging tools for CakePHP applications.	</li>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/localized">Localized</a>:
		contains various localized validation classes and translations for specific countries	</li>
</ul>
</p>

<h3>More about CakePHP</h3>
<p>
CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP which uses commonly known design patterns like Active Record, Association Data Mapping, Front Controller and MVC.</p>
<p>
Our primary goal is to provide a structured framework that enables PHP users at all levels to rapidly develop robust web applications, without any loss to flexibility.</p>

<ul>
	<li><a href="http://cakephp.org">CakePHP</a>
	<ul><li>The Rapid Development Framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://book.cakephp.org">CakePHP Documentation </a>
	<ul><li>Your Rapid Development Cookbook</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://api.cakephp.org">CakePHP API </a>
	<ul><li>Quick API Reference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://bakery.cakephp.org">The Bakery </a>
	<ul><li>Everything CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://plugins.cakephp.org">CakePHP Plugins </a>
	<ul><li>A comprehensive list of all CakePHP plugins created by the community</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://community.cakephp.org">CakePHP Community Center </a>
	<ul><li>Everything related to the CakePHP community in one place</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/cake-php">CakePHP Google Group </a>
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	<ul><li>CakePHP Issues</li></ul></li>
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	<ul><li>CakePHP Roadmaps</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://training.cakephp.org">Training </a>
	<ul><li>Join a live session and get skilled with the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefest.org">CakeFest </a>
	<ul><li>Don't miss our annual CakePHP conference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefoundation.org">Cake Software Foundation </a>
	<ul><li>Promoting development related to CakePHP</li></ul></li>
</ul>
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		'title' => 'Tesis doctoral en Derecho MGS',
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Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 191
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 165
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 108

Tesis doctoral en Derecho MGS

Nuestro Equipo

Luisa Virginia

González Zambrano, Directora principal y co-fundadora

María Gabriela

Sarmiento, co-fundadora

Marilyn Dayana

Oviedo Villarreal, Representante legal

Arihaydis

Acuña Lagares, Representante legal

Aura Marina

Torres Guilpén, Administración

Laura G.

Rosales Torres, Auditorías

Aliados

CANADá

Rachel Pachoud

FRANCIA

Clémence Boutet

Especialistas

SNC mantiene actualmente contacto con profesionales aliados estratégicos en el continente americano (Canadá, Colombia, Estados Unidos, Uruguay, Venezuela) y Europa (Francia, Suiza, España). Muchos de estos expertos son abogados especializados en comercio internacional, derecho mercantil y propiedad intelectual.

Para asistencia legal, escríbanos

Venezuela:

Edificio EASO, Piso 6, Oficina 6-E,
Avenida Francisco de Miranda,
Urbanización El Rosal, Municipio Chacao,
Caracas 1060 Estado Miranda

Teléfono: (+58212) 424.84.67
Skype Contact: snconsult

Correos electrónicos:

Contáctenos por favor a través del formulario de contacto previsto en la casilla "Contacto" de esta página Web

Notice (8): Undefined offset: 2 [APP/View/Elements/contacto.ctp, line 98]Code Context      <div class="right">

          <h5><?php echo $contacto[2]['Content']['title']; ?></h5>
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	'page' => 'home',
	'subpage' => null,
	'url_img' => 'http://wspanel.snconsult.com/img/photos/',
	'content_for_layout' => '<h2>Release Notes for CakePHP 2.5.6.</h2>
<p>
	<a href="http://cakephp.org/changelogs/2.5.6">Read the changelog</a></p>
	<p id="url-rewriting-warning" style="background-color:#e32; color:#fff;">
		URL rewriting is not properly configured on your server.		1) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/installation/url-rewriting.html" style="color:#fff;">Help me configure it</a>
		2) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/development/configuration.html#cakephp-core-configuration" style="color:#fff;">I don't / can't use URL rewriting</a>
	</p>
<p>
<span class="notice success">Your version of PHP is 5.2.8 or higher.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your tmp directory is writable.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">The <em>FileEngine</em> is being used for core caching. To change the config edit APP/Config/core.php</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your database configuration file is present.</span></p>
	<p>
		<span class="notice success">CakePHP is able to connect to the database.</span>	</p>

<p>
	<span class="notice">DebugKit is not installed. It will help you inspect and debug different aspects of your application.<br/>You can install it from <a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">GitHub</a></span></p>

<h3>Editing this Page</h3>
<p>
To change the content of this page, edit: APP/View/Pages/home.ctp.<br />
To change its layout, edit: APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp.<br />
You can also add some CSS styles for your pages at: APP/webroot/css.</p>

<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/" target="_blank"><strong>New</strong> CakePHP 2.0 Docs</a></p>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/blog/blog.html" target="_blank">The 15 min Blog Tutorial</a></p>

<h3>Official Plugins</h3>
<p>
<ul>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">DebugKit</a>:
		provides a debugging toolbar and enhanced debugging tools for CakePHP applications.	</li>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/localized">Localized</a>:
		contains various localized validation classes and translations for specific countries	</li>
</ul>
</p>

<h3>More about CakePHP</h3>
<p>
CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP which uses commonly known design patterns like Active Record, Association Data Mapping, Front Controller and MVC.</p>
<p>
Our primary goal is to provide a structured framework that enables PHP users at all levels to rapidly develop robust web applications, without any loss to flexibility.</p>

<ul>
	<li><a href="http://cakephp.org">CakePHP</a>
	<ul><li>The Rapid Development Framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://book.cakephp.org">CakePHP Documentation </a>
	<ul><li>Your Rapid Development Cookbook</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://api.cakephp.org">CakePHP API </a>
	<ul><li>Quick API Reference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://bakery.cakephp.org">The Bakery </a>
	<ul><li>Everything CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://plugins.cakephp.org">CakePHP Plugins </a>
	<ul><li>A comprehensive list of all CakePHP plugins created by the community</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://community.cakephp.org">CakePHP Community Center </a>
	<ul><li>Everything related to the CakePHP community in one place</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/cake-php">CakePHP Google Group </a>
	<ul><li>Community mailing list</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/cakephp">irc.freenode.net #cakephp</a>
	<ul><li>Live chat about CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/">CakePHP Code </a>
	<ul><li>Find the CakePHP code on GitHub and contribute to the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/issues">CakePHP Issues </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Issues</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/wiki#roadmaps">CakePHP Roadmaps </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Roadmaps</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://training.cakephp.org">Training </a>
	<ul><li>Join a live session and get skilled with the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefest.org">CakeFest </a>
	<ul><li>Don't miss our annual CakePHP conference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefoundation.org">Cake Software Foundation </a>
	<ul><li>Promoting development related to CakePHP</li></ul></li>
</ul>
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		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Servicios',
			'description' => 'Servicios de consultaría y asesoría legal y demás áreas de competencia.
Estudios e investigaciones temáticas.
Negociación, Conciliación y Mediación de casos.
Representación legal judicial y extrajudicial.
Redacción de documentos legales y otros documentos dentro de nuestra área de competencia.
Gestión de trámites legales y administrativos.'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	),
	(int) 4 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Objetivo',
			'description' => 'Nuestro principal objetivo es ofrecer servicios personalizados, competitivos y globales de consultoría y de gestión a pequeñas y medianas empresas, particulares, entes gubernamentales y organizaciones internacionales el mundo entero; ello con uso de las nuevas tecnologías.'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
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	),
	(int) 5 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Valores',
			'description' => 'Transparencia y ética profesional. 
Personalizar y adaptar los servicios a nuestra clientela.
Productos de la mejor calidad.
Honorarios razonables como resultado de la reducción de costos debido al uso de nuevas tecnologías. 
Servicios valor añadido y resultados documentados con el uso de nuevas tecnologías . 
Eficacia y exactitud 
Capacidad y Profesionalismo'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	)
)
$contacto = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Venezuela: ',
			'description' => array(
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		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'description' => 'CONTACTO'
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	),
	(int) 1 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Correos electrónicos: ',
			'description' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'description' => 'CONTACTO'
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)
$teams = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'name' => 'Luisa Virginia',
			'last_name' => 'González Zambrano, Directora principal y co-fundadora',
			'telephone' => '0058219798171',
			'email' => 'lv.gonzalez@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1080',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_1',
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 1 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'name' => 'María Gabriela',
			'last_name' => 'Sarmiento, co-fundadora',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'mg.sarmiento@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_2',
			'position' => '2',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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	(int) 2 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'name' => 'Marilyn Dayana',
			'last_name' => 'Oviedo Villarreal, Representante legal',
			'telephone' => '+5492615328941',
			'email' => 'm.oviedo@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_6',
			'position' => '3',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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	(int) 3 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '7',
			'name' => 'Arihaydis',
			'last_name' => 'Acuña Lagares, Representante legal',
			'telephone' => '00582124248467',
			'email' => 'a.acuna@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_7',
			'position' => '4',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 4 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '8',
			'name' => 'Aura Marina',
			'last_name' => 'Torres Guilpén, Administración',
			'telephone' => '00582124248467',
			'email' => 'admin@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_8',
			'position' => '5',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 5 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '13',
			'name' => 'Laura G.',
			'last_name' => 'Rosales Torres, Auditorías',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'l.rosales@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => '',
			'position' => '8',
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		'TeamsContent' => array()
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$clientes = array(
	'title' => 'Clientes',
	'description' => 'Our clients are, national and foreign, financial institutions, international organizations, governmental institutions, small and medium size enterprises and individuals.'
)
$casos = array(
	'title' => 'Casos y Proyectos',
	'description' => 'The projects, activities and cases developed in the past years are related to most variable topics. We went from a Maritime trial to a Civil Aviation investigation, from a Seminar on Legal Aspects of Electronic Commerce to a Workshop on Rules and Regulations of security at work. From seeking agreement among heirs to coordinating the incorporation of international business companies in the Caribbean'
)
$recent_news = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'News' => array(
			'id' => '27',
			'title' => 'Sentencia Maduro Board of the BCV vs. Guaido Board of the BCV, UK Royal Courts of Justice',
			'description' => '<p>Algunos extractos de la Sentencia #Maduro Board of the BCV vs. #Guaido Board of the #BCV, #UK Royal Courts of Justice, 5 October 2020:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Claramente, cuando el Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores en el presente caso declar&oacute; que el Gobierno de Su Majestad &quot;ahora&nbsp;reconoce a Juan Guaid&oacute; como el Presidente interino constitucional de Venezuela&quot;, no estaba diciendo que el Sr. Guaid&oacute; estaba ejerciendo un control efectivo sobre el territorio de Venezuela y que ese control estaba firmemente establecido. Leer estas palabras en ese sentido ser&iacute;a inconsistente con el resto de la declaraci&oacute;n, protestando como lo hace sobre la continua opresi&oacute;n del pueblo venezolano por &quot;el r&eacute;gimen ileg&iacute;timo clept&oacute;crata de Maduro&quot;. Por consiguiente, la declaraci&oacute;n no puede interpretarse como un reconocimiento el Sr. Guaid&oacute; como Presidente de jure en el sentido de Oppenheim, para no dejar lugar a la posibilidad de seguir reconociendo al Sr. Maduro como Presidente de facto.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>El Derecho Internacional de Oppenheim establece en el p&aacute;rrafo 46:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&quot;Los Estados que conceden el reconocimiento distinguen a menudo entre de jure reconocimiento y reconocimiento de facto. Estos t&eacute;rminos son convenientes pero el&iacute;ptico: los t&eacute;rminos de jure o de facto califican al estado o gobierno reconocido en lugar del acto de reconocimiento en s&iacute;.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>En este contexto, estos t&eacute;rminos probablemente no son capaces de un an&aacute;lisis literal, en particular en lo que respecta a los ius a los que el reconocimiento de jure se refiere. La distinci&oacute;n entre de jure y de facto el reconocimiento es en esencia que el primero es el tipo m&aacute;s completo de reconocimiento, mientras que el &uacute;ltimo es un grado menor de reconocimiento, teniendo en cuenta de manera provisional las realidades actuales. As&iacute;, el reconocimiento de facto tiene lugar cuando, en opini&oacute;n del Estado reconocido, la nueva autoridad, aunque en realidad independiente y con poder efectivo en el territorio bajo su control, no ha adquirido la suficiente estabilidad o todav&iacute;a no ofrecen perspectivas de cumplir con otros requisitos de reconocimiento&quot;.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Es evidente que para describir el reconocimiento de la soberan&iacute;a de jure como &quot;el m&aacute;s completo reconocimiento que puede darse&quot; debe utilizase el t&eacute;rmino en el sentido de Oppenheim (de hecho, este que se repite en el lenguaje de Oppenheim. De manera similar, la declaraci&oacute;n de Lord Hodson en el 925C-D, que cuando la URSS fue reconocida como teniendo soberan&iacute;a de jure, no hab&iacute;a lugar para ning&uacute;n otro reconocimiento de facto, debe ser entendido como usando de estos t&eacute;rminos en el sentido de Oppenheim. Sin embargo, en estos dict&aacute;menes no se duda del hecho de que, cuando estos t&eacute;rminos se usan en el sentido de Lutero contra Sagor, es perfectamente posible que el HMG reconozca a una persona de jure y a otra de facto, como el propio Lord Reid contempl&oacute; en Gdynia Amerika Line v Boguslawski.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Traducci&oacute;n realizada por Deepl. de estos extractos:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Plainly, when the Foreign Secretary in the present case stated that HMG &ldquo;now recognises Juan Guaid&oacute; as the constitutional interim President of Venezuela&rdquo;, he was not saying that Mr Guaid&oacute; was exercising effective control over the territory of Venezuela and that such control was firmly established. To read these words in that way would be inconsistent with the remainder of the statement, protesting as it does about the continuing oppression of the Venezuelan people by &ldquo;the illegitimate, kleptocratic Maduro regime&rdquo;. Accordingly the statement cannot be read as recognising Mr Guaid&oacute; as President de jure in the Oppenheim sense, so as to leave no room for the possibility of continuing to recognise Mr Maduro as President de facto.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Oppenheim&rsquo;s International Law at paragraph 46:</p><p>&ldquo;States granting recognition often distinguish between de jure recognition and de facto recognition. These terms are convenient but elliptical: the terms de jure or de facto qualify the state or government recognised rather than the act of recognition itself.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Those terms are in this context probably not capable of literal analysis, particularly in terms of the ius to which recognition de jure refers. The distinction between de jure and de facto recognition is in essence that the former is the fullest kind of&nbsp;recognition while the latter is a lesser degree of recognition, taking account on a provisional basis of present realities. Thus de facto recognition takes place when, in the view of the recognising state, the new authority, although actually independent and wielding effective power in the territory under&nbsp;its control, has not acquired sufficient stability or does not as yet offer prospects of complying with other requirements of recognition.&rdquo;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>It is apparent that to describe recognition of de jure sovereignty as &ldquo;the fullest recognition which can be given&rdquo; is to use the term in the Oppenheim sense (indeed, this phrase echoes the language of Oppenheim set out at [80] above). Similarly Lord Hodson&rsquo;s statement at 925C-D, that when the U.S.S.R. was recognised as having de jure sovereignty, there was no room for any other de facto recognition, must be understood as using these terms in the Oppenheim sense. However, these dicta cast no doubt on the fact that, when these terms are used in the Luther v Sagor sense, it is perfectly possible for HMG to recognise one person de jure and another de facto, as Lord Reid himself contemplated in Gdynia Amerika Line v Boguslawski.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Sentencia: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Maduro-Board-v-Guaido-Board-judgment.pdf &nbsp;</p>',
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			'description' => 'Sentencia en donde se decide que Maduro y su clan forman parte del gobierno de facto de Venezuela y que Guaido y su clan integran el gobierno de iure de Venezuela. El primero es jefe de gobierno, el segundo jefe de estado. ',
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		'News' => array(
			'id' => '26',
			'title' => 'Asociación Civil El Semillero y la Escuelita de Los Llanos',
			'description' => '<p>Esta es una presentaci&oacute;n de la Asociaci&oacute;n civil que se ocupa de recolectar fondos para mantener la Escuelita de Los Llanos., un lugar excepcional en donde ni&ntilde;os venezolanos de menores recursos reciben el trato y la educaci&oacute;n que muchos ni&ntilde;os de familias con mayor poder adquisitivo desear&iacute;an recibir. Dale un vistazo y si te parece una labor que vale la pena apoyar, &iexcl;cont&aacute;ctalos! Los ni&ntilde;os en Los Lanas de Venezuela estar&aacute;n inmensamente agradecidos. &nbsp;</p>',
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Los niños en Los Lanas de Venezuela estarán inmensamente agradecidos.',
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			'id' => '23',
			'title' => 'SNC va en dirección de SKC',
			'description' => '<p>Querido lector:</p><p>En los &uacute;ltimos d&iacute;as, nuestra cofundadora Mar&iacute;a Gabriela Sarmiento ha lanzado una empresa de consultor&iacute;a independiente de&nbsp;SNC. La gesti&oacute;n, administraci&oacute;n, finanzas, asuntos fiscales, deberes y responsabilidades de la nueva firma fundada no tienen ning&uacute;n nexo legal directo o indirecto con SNC. El nombre de la firma reci&eacute;n incorporada es Sarmiento Klumpner Consulting. El nombre le permitir&aacute; identificarla f&aacute;cilmente a trav&eacute;s de su marca corporativa.</p><p>Una caracter&iacute;stica importante de esta nueva firma es que el &uacute;nico beneficiario econ&oacute;mico de la firma es su fundadora, Mar&iacute;a Gabriela Sarmiento. T&oacute;melo como una especie de emancipaci&oacute;n. Mar&iacute;a Gabriela, que es abogada inscrita en el Colegio de Abogados de Caracas, seguir&aacute; sin embargo trabajando estrechamente con su socia de hace veinte a&ntilde;os, la jurista francesa Rachel Pachoud, en todos los asuntos relacionados con el Derecho franc&eacute;s. Rachel y Mar&iacute;a Gabriela hicieron una maestr&iacute;a en Derecho Mercantil Internacional juntas en Francia. Mar&iacute;a Gabriela lleva por supuesto su cartera a SKC, que seguir&aacute; prestando asesoramiento jur&iacute;dico a sus clientes. Ella&nbsp;seguir&aacute; trabajando en su tesis doctoral relacionada con la recuperaci&oacute;n de activos extranjeros robados&nbsp;y su restituci&oacute;n al pa&iacute;s de origen, una vez queestos hayan sido localizados e identificados en un centro financiero offshore. &nbsp;</p><p>SKC podr&aacute; utilizar temporalmente los nombres de dominio snconsult.com y snconsult.ch, porque los nombres de dominio skconsult.ch y .com est&aacute;n ocupados. &nbsp;Sin embargo, se ha reservado tentativamente los nombres de dominio sklegalconsult.ch y consultsk.ch.&nbsp;</p><p>Cuando haya un cambio pol&iacute;tico en Venezuela,&nbsp;se retiren las sanciones econ&oacute;micas, y se excluya al pa&iacute;s de&nbsp;la lista de pa&iacute;ses de alto riesgo, Mar&iacute;a Gabriela considerar&aacute; volver a trabajar con el SNC. Las ra&iacute;ces no ser&aacute;n olvidadas. Se podr&aacute;n simplemente &quot;en reposo&quot;.</p><p>Saludos cordiales,</p><p>Grupo SNC<br />27 de mayo de 2020</p>',
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			'created' => '2020-05-23 21:51:41',
			'modified' => '2020-06-27 15:42:31',
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		'News' => array(
			'id' => '21',
			'title' => 'Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Embajada Vzla en Berna',
			'description' => '<p>Esta es la lista no actualizada correspodiente a los venezolanos residenciados en Suiza inscritos en el Registro Electoral del CNE llevado por la Embajada de la Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela en Berna.</p>',
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			'created' => '2016-09-22 21:26:27',
			'modified' => '2025-07-16 18:00:53',
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			'id' => '61',
			'name' => 'Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Emb Berna',
			'description' => 'Este es el listado, tal vez no actualizado, del Registro Electoral del CNE de los venezolanos residenciados en Suiza, llevado por la Embajada de Venezuela en Berna, Suiza ',
			'status_id' => '1',
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			'title' => 'Información general',
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			'status_id' => '1',
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	),
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		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '4',
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			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 4 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '14',
			'title' => 'Tesis doctoral en Derecho MGS',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
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	)
)
$title_for_layout = ''
$page = 'home'
$subpage = null
$url_img = 'http://wspanel.snconsult.com/img/photos/'
$content_for_layout = '<h2>Release Notes for CakePHP 2.5.6.</h2>
<p>
	<a href="http://cakephp.org/changelogs/2.5.6">Read the changelog</a></p>
	<p id="url-rewriting-warning" style="background-color:#e32; color:#fff;">
		URL rewriting is not properly configured on your server.		1) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/installation/url-rewriting.html" style="color:#fff;">Help me configure it</a>
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	</p>
<p>
<span class="notice success">Your version of PHP is 5.2.8 or higher.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your tmp directory is writable.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">The <em>FileEngine</em> is being used for core caching. To change the config edit APP/Config/core.php</span></p>
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	<span class="notice success">Your database configuration file is present.</span></p>
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		<span class="notice success">CakePHP is able to connect to the database.</span>	</p>

<p>
	<span class="notice">DebugKit is not installed. It will help you inspect and debug different aspects of your application.<br/>You can install it from <a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">GitHub</a></span></p>

<h3>Editing this Page</h3>
<p>
To change the content of this page, edit: APP/View/Pages/home.ctp.<br />
To change its layout, edit: APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp.<br />
You can also add some CSS styles for your pages at: APP/webroot/css.</p>

<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/" target="_blank"><strong>New</strong> CakePHP 2.0 Docs</a></p>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/blog/blog.html" target="_blank">The 15 min Blog Tutorial</a></p>

<h3>Official Plugins</h3>
<p>
<ul>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">DebugKit</a>:
		provides a debugging toolbar and enhanced debugging tools for CakePHP applications.	</li>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/localized">Localized</a>:
		contains various localized validation classes and translations for specific countries	</li>
</ul>
</p>

<h3>More about CakePHP</h3>
<p>
CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP which uses commonly known design patterns like Active Record, Association Data Mapping, Front Controller and MVC.</p>
<p>
Our primary goal is to provide a structured framework that enables PHP users at all levels to rapidly develop robust web applications, without any loss to flexibility.</p>

<ul>
	<li><a href="http://cakephp.org">CakePHP</a>
	<ul><li>The Rapid Development Framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://book.cakephp.org">CakePHP Documentation </a>
	<ul><li>Your Rapid Development Cookbook</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://api.cakephp.org">CakePHP API </a>
	<ul><li>Quick API Reference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://bakery.cakephp.org">The Bakery </a>
	<ul><li>Everything CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://plugins.cakephp.org">CakePHP Plugins </a>
	<ul><li>A comprehensive list of all CakePHP plugins created by the community</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://community.cakephp.org">CakePHP Community Center </a>
	<ul><li>Everything related to the CakePHP community in one place</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/cake-php">CakePHP Google Group </a>
	<ul><li>Community mailing list</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/cakephp">irc.freenode.net #cakephp</a>
	<ul><li>Live chat about CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/">CakePHP Code </a>
	<ul><li>Find the CakePHP code on GitHub and contribute to the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/issues">CakePHP Issues </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Issues</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/wiki#roadmaps">CakePHP Roadmaps </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Roadmaps</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://training.cakephp.org">Training </a>
	<ul><li>Join a live session and get skilled with the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefest.org">CakeFest </a>
	<ul><li>Don't miss our annual CakePHP conference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefoundation.org">Cake Software Foundation </a>
	<ul><li>Promoting development related to CakePHP</li></ul></li>
</ul>
'
$scripts_for_layout = ''
include - APP/View/Elements/contacto.ctp, line 98
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 948
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 910
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1213
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp, line 159
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 948
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 910
View::renderLayout() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 542
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 479
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 954
PagesController::display() - APP/Controller/PagesController.php, line 273
ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ??
Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 191
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 165
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 108

Notice (8): Undefined offset: 2 [APP/View/Elements/contacto.ctp, line 99]Code Context
          <h5><?php echo $contacto[2]['Content']['title']; ?></h5>
          <h6><?php echo nl2br($contacto[2]['Content']['description'][0]); ?></h6>
$viewFile = '/home/clients/cb43bd222d522993835b1aa3a4c37f51/web/app/View/Elements/contacto.ctp'
$dataForView = array(
	'aliados' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'Team' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'TeamsContent' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
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		(int) 1 => array(
			'Team' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'TeamsContent' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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	),
	'services_subcategories' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
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			'ServicesCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 1 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 2 => array(
			'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'ServicesCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'ServicesCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'ServicesCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 5 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 6 => array(
			'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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	),
	'quiene_somos' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
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		(int) 1 => array(
			'Content' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'Content' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'ContentType' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'Content' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 5 => array(
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	),
	'contacto' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
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		(int) 1 => array(
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	),
	'teams' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'Team' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'TeamsContent' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'Team' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 2 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		(int) 3 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'Team' => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 5 => array(
			'Team' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'TeamsContent' => array([maximum depth reached])
		)
	),
	'clientes' => array(
		'title' => 'Clientes',
		'description' => 'Our clients are, national and foreign, financial institutions, international organizations, governmental institutions, small and medium size enterprises and individuals.'
	),
	'casos' => array(
		'title' => 'Casos y Proyectos',
		'description' => 'The projects, activities and cases developed in the past years are related to most variable topics. We went from a Maritime trial to a Civil Aviation investigation, from a Seminar on Legal Aspects of Electronic Commerce to a Workshop on Rules and Regulations of security at work. From seeking agreement among heirs to coordinating the incorporation of international business companies in the Caribbean'
	),
	'recent_news' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'News' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Galeria' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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			'NewsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 1 => array(
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				[maximum depth reached]
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			'Galeria' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'NewsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
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		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'News' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'Galeria' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
			'NewsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'News' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			),
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				[maximum depth reached]
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				[maximum depth reached]
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		)
	),
	'testimonials' => array(),
	'publicaciones' => array(
		(int) 0 => array(
			'PublicationsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 1 => array(
			'PublicationsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 2 => array(
			'PublicationsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 3 => array(
			'PublicationsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		),
		(int) 4 => array(
			'PublicationsCategory' => array(
				[maximum depth reached]
			)
		)
	),
	'title_for_layout' => '',
	'page' => 'home',
	'subpage' => null,
	'url_img' => 'http://wspanel.snconsult.com/img/photos/',
	'content_for_layout' => '<h2>Release Notes for CakePHP 2.5.6.</h2>
<p>
	<a href="http://cakephp.org/changelogs/2.5.6">Read the changelog</a></p>
	<p id="url-rewriting-warning" style="background-color:#e32; color:#fff;">
		URL rewriting is not properly configured on your server.		1) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/installation/url-rewriting.html" style="color:#fff;">Help me configure it</a>
		2) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/development/configuration.html#cakephp-core-configuration" style="color:#fff;">I don't / can't use URL rewriting</a>
	</p>
<p>
<span class="notice success">Your version of PHP is 5.2.8 or higher.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your tmp directory is writable.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">The <em>FileEngine</em> is being used for core caching. To change the config edit APP/Config/core.php</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your database configuration file is present.</span></p>
	<p>
		<span class="notice success">CakePHP is able to connect to the database.</span>	</p>

<p>
	<span class="notice">DebugKit is not installed. It will help you inspect and debug different aspects of your application.<br/>You can install it from <a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">GitHub</a></span></p>

<h3>Editing this Page</h3>
<p>
To change the content of this page, edit: APP/View/Pages/home.ctp.<br />
To change its layout, edit: APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp.<br />
You can also add some CSS styles for your pages at: APP/webroot/css.</p>

<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/" target="_blank"><strong>New</strong> CakePHP 2.0 Docs</a></p>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/blog/blog.html" target="_blank">The 15 min Blog Tutorial</a></p>

<h3>Official Plugins</h3>
<p>
<ul>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">DebugKit</a>:
		provides a debugging toolbar and enhanced debugging tools for CakePHP applications.	</li>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/localized">Localized</a>:
		contains various localized validation classes and translations for specific countries	</li>
</ul>
</p>

<h3>More about CakePHP</h3>
<p>
CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP which uses commonly known design patterns like Active Record, Association Data Mapping, Front Controller and MVC.</p>
<p>
Our primary goal is to provide a structured framework that enables PHP users at all levels to rapidly develop robust web applications, without any loss to flexibility.</p>

<ul>
	<li><a href="http://cakephp.org">CakePHP</a>
	<ul><li>The Rapid Development Framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://book.cakephp.org">CakePHP Documentation </a>
	<ul><li>Your Rapid Development Cookbook</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://api.cakephp.org">CakePHP API </a>
	<ul><li>Quick API Reference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://bakery.cakephp.org">The Bakery </a>
	<ul><li>Everything CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://plugins.cakephp.org">CakePHP Plugins </a>
	<ul><li>A comprehensive list of all CakePHP plugins created by the community</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://community.cakephp.org">CakePHP Community Center </a>
	<ul><li>Everything related to the CakePHP community in one place</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/cake-php">CakePHP Google Group </a>
	<ul><li>Community mailing list</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/cakephp">irc.freenode.net #cakephp</a>
	<ul><li>Live chat about CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/">CakePHP Code </a>
	<ul><li>Find the CakePHP code on GitHub and contribute to the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/issues">CakePHP Issues </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Issues</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/wiki#roadmaps">CakePHP Roadmaps </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Roadmaps</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://training.cakephp.org">Training </a>
	<ul><li>Join a live session and get skilled with the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefest.org">CakeFest </a>
	<ul><li>Don't miss our annual CakePHP conference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefoundation.org">Cake Software Foundation </a>
	<ul><li>Promoting development related to CakePHP</li></ul></li>
</ul>
',
	'scripts_for_layout' => ''
)
$aliados = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '9',
			'name' => 'Rachel ',
			'last_name' => 'Pachoud',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'r_pachoud@yahoo.fr',
			'postal_area' => 'Canada',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_9',
			'position' => '6',
			'section_id' => '2'
		),
		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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	(int) 1 => array(
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			'last_name' => 'Boutet',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'clemence.boutet@gmail.com',
			'postal_area' => 'Francia',
			'status_id' => '2',
			'photo' => 'team_10',
			'position' => '7',
			'section_id' => '2'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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)
$services_subcategories = array(
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			'id' => '9',
			'title' => 'Mercantil',
			'services_category_id' => '1',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Servicios Legales',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 1 => array(
		'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
			'id' => '10',
			'title' => 'Derecho y Procedimiento Civil',
			'services_category_id' => '1',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Servicios Legales',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 2 => array(
		'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
			'id' => '11',
			'title' => 'Constitucional',
			'services_category_id' => '1',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Servicios Legales',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 3 => array(
		'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
			'id' => '12',
			'title' => 'Administración y Fiscalidad',
			'services_category_id' => '1',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Servicios Legales',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 4 => array(
		'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
			'id' => '13',
			'title' => 'Derecho y Procedimiento Penal',
			'services_category_id' => '1',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Servicios Legales',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 5 => array(
		'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
			'id' => '14',
			'title' => 'Laboral',
			'services_category_id' => '1',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'title' => 'Servicios Legales',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 6 => array(
		'ServicesSubcategory' => array(
			'id' => '28',
			'title' => 'No aplica',
			'services_category_id' => '4',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		),
		'ServicesCategory' => array(
			'id' => '4',
			'title' => 'Servicios de Consultoria',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	)
)
$quiene_somos = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Quiénes Somos?',
			'description' => 'Somos un grupo multidisciplinario de profesionales del derecho con experiencia en diferentes campos como comercio internacional y derecho comercial, tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, derecho bancario, propiedad intelectual, corporativo, litigio, penal, laboral, constitucional y civil. Nuestra reconocida firma de abogados Sarmiento Núñez & Asociados, que se encuentra ubicada en Caracas, Venezuela, fue fundada en 1967.  

Debido a los cambios tecnológicos, sociales y económicos que ocurren en el mundo y para responder a la necesidad de nuestros clientes, hemos tomado la decisión de ampliar el alcance de los servicios ofrecidos a nuestros clientes.

En función de esto, creamos en el año de 2005 una nueva firma consultora llamada Sarmiento Núñez Consulting. SNC ofrece múltiples opciones de servicios. Muchos expertos calificados de Venezuela y el extranjero, se han unido a nuestra red de expertos.

Su cofundadora Maria Gabriela Sarmiento registró una sucursal de SNC en Zurich en 2013 y en 2020 formó una firma unipersonal separada e independiente de SNC. '
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	),
	(int) 1 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Competencia',
			'description' => 'Principalmente, ofrecemos nuestros servicios en todas las áreas del derecho, en bienes raíces, construcción, banca y finanzas, derecho de familia y sucesiones, aspectos legales del comercio electrónico, telecomunicaciones, exportación e importación de bienes y servicios y diseño/desarrollo/gestión de proyectos, aunado a la prestación de servicios en las áreas de gerencia, negocios y estrategias.'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	),
	(int) 2 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Especialistas',
			'description' => 'SNC mantiene actualmente contacto con profesionales aliados estratégicos en el continente americano (Canadá, Colombia, Estados Unidos, Uruguay, Venezuela) y Europa (Francia, Suiza, España). Muchos de estos expertos son abogados especializados en comercio internacional, derecho mercantil y propiedad intelectual.'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	),
	(int) 3 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Servicios',
			'description' => 'Servicios de consultaría y asesoría legal y demás áreas de competencia.
Estudios e investigaciones temáticas.
Negociación, Conciliación y Mediación de casos.
Representación legal judicial y extrajudicial.
Redacción de documentos legales y otros documentos dentro de nuestra área de competencia.
Gestión de trámites legales y administrativos.'
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		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
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	),
	(int) 4 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Objetivo',
			'description' => 'Nuestro principal objetivo es ofrecer servicios personalizados, competitivos y globales de consultoría y de gestión a pequeñas y medianas empresas, particulares, entes gubernamentales y organizaciones internacionales el mundo entero; ello con uso de las nuevas tecnologías.'
		),
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			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
	),
	(int) 5 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Valores',
			'description' => 'Transparencia y ética profesional. 
Personalizar y adaptar los servicios a nuestra clientela.
Productos de la mejor calidad.
Honorarios razonables como resultado de la reducción de costos debido al uso de nuevas tecnologías. 
Servicios valor añadido y resultados documentados con el uso de nuevas tecnologías . 
Eficacia y exactitud 
Capacidad y Profesionalismo'
		),
		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'description' => 'QUIENES SOMOS'
		)
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$contacto = array(
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		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Venezuela: ',
			'description' => array(
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		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'description' => 'CONTACTO'
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	),
	(int) 1 => array(
		'Content' => array(
			'title' => 'Correos electrónicos: ',
			'description' => array(
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		'ContentType' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'description' => 'CONTACTO'
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$teams = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '1',
			'name' => 'Luisa Virginia',
			'last_name' => 'González Zambrano, Directora principal y co-fundadora',
			'telephone' => '0058219798171',
			'email' => 'lv.gonzalez@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1080',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_1',
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	(int) 1 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '2',
			'name' => 'María Gabriela',
			'last_name' => 'Sarmiento, co-fundadora',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'mg.sarmiento@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_2',
			'position' => '2',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 2 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '6',
			'name' => 'Marilyn Dayana',
			'last_name' => 'Oviedo Villarreal, Representante legal',
			'telephone' => '+5492615328941',
			'email' => 'm.oviedo@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_6',
			'position' => '3',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
			(int) 0 => array(
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			'name' => 'Arihaydis',
			'last_name' => 'Acuña Lagares, Representante legal',
			'telephone' => '00582124248467',
			'email' => 'a.acuna@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_7',
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			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 4 => array(
		'Team' => array(
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			'name' => 'Aura Marina',
			'last_name' => 'Torres Guilpén, Administración',
			'telephone' => '00582124248467',
			'email' => 'admin@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => 'team_8',
			'position' => '5',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array(
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	(int) 5 => array(
		'Team' => array(
			'id' => '13',
			'name' => 'Laura G.',
			'last_name' => 'Rosales Torres, Auditorías',
			'telephone' => '',
			'email' => 'l.rosales@snconsult.com',
			'postal_area' => '1060',
			'status_id' => '1',
			'photo' => '',
			'position' => '8',
			'section_id' => '1'
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		'TeamsContent' => array()
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$clientes = array(
	'title' => 'Clientes',
	'description' => 'Our clients are, national and foreign, financial institutions, international organizations, governmental institutions, small and medium size enterprises and individuals.'
)
$casos = array(
	'title' => 'Casos y Proyectos',
	'description' => 'The projects, activities and cases developed in the past years are related to most variable topics. We went from a Maritime trial to a Civil Aviation investigation, from a Seminar on Legal Aspects of Electronic Commerce to a Workshop on Rules and Regulations of security at work. From seeking agreement among heirs to coordinating the incorporation of international business companies in the Caribbean'
)
$recent_news = array(
	(int) 0 => array(
		'News' => array(
			'id' => '27',
			'title' => 'Sentencia Maduro Board of the BCV vs. Guaido Board of the BCV, UK Royal Courts of Justice',
			'description' => '<p>Algunos extractos de la Sentencia #Maduro Board of the BCV vs. #Guaido Board of the #BCV, #UK Royal Courts of Justice, 5 October 2020:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Claramente, cuando el Secretario de Relaciones Exteriores en el presente caso declar&oacute; que el Gobierno de Su Majestad &quot;ahora&nbsp;reconoce a Juan Guaid&oacute; como el Presidente interino constitucional de Venezuela&quot;, no estaba diciendo que el Sr. Guaid&oacute; estaba ejerciendo un control efectivo sobre el territorio de Venezuela y que ese control estaba firmemente establecido. Leer estas palabras en ese sentido ser&iacute;a inconsistente con el resto de la declaraci&oacute;n, protestando como lo hace sobre la continua opresi&oacute;n del pueblo venezolano por &quot;el r&eacute;gimen ileg&iacute;timo clept&oacute;crata de Maduro&quot;. Por consiguiente, la declaraci&oacute;n no puede interpretarse como un reconocimiento el Sr. Guaid&oacute; como Presidente de jure en el sentido de Oppenheim, para no dejar lugar a la posibilidad de seguir reconociendo al Sr. Maduro como Presidente de facto.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>El Derecho Internacional de Oppenheim establece en el p&aacute;rrafo 46:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&quot;Los Estados que conceden el reconocimiento distinguen a menudo entre de jure reconocimiento y reconocimiento de facto. Estos t&eacute;rminos son convenientes pero el&iacute;ptico: los t&eacute;rminos de jure o de facto califican al estado o gobierno reconocido en lugar del acto de reconocimiento en s&iacute;.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>En este contexto, estos t&eacute;rminos probablemente no son capaces de un an&aacute;lisis literal, en particular en lo que respecta a los ius a los que el reconocimiento de jure se refiere. La distinci&oacute;n entre de jure y de facto el reconocimiento es en esencia que el primero es el tipo m&aacute;s completo de reconocimiento, mientras que el &uacute;ltimo es un grado menor de reconocimiento, teniendo en cuenta de manera provisional las realidades actuales. As&iacute;, el reconocimiento de facto tiene lugar cuando, en opini&oacute;n del Estado reconocido, la nueva autoridad, aunque en realidad independiente y con poder efectivo en el territorio bajo su control, no ha adquirido la suficiente estabilidad o todav&iacute;a no ofrecen perspectivas de cumplir con otros requisitos de reconocimiento&quot;.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Es evidente que para describir el reconocimiento de la soberan&iacute;a de jure como &quot;el m&aacute;s completo reconocimiento que puede darse&quot; debe utilizase el t&eacute;rmino en el sentido de Oppenheim (de hecho, este que se repite en el lenguaje de Oppenheim. De manera similar, la declaraci&oacute;n de Lord Hodson en el 925C-D, que cuando la URSS fue reconocida como teniendo soberan&iacute;a de jure, no hab&iacute;a lugar para ning&uacute;n otro reconocimiento de facto, debe ser entendido como usando de estos t&eacute;rminos en el sentido de Oppenheim. Sin embargo, en estos dict&aacute;menes no se duda del hecho de que, cuando estos t&eacute;rminos se usan en el sentido de Lutero contra Sagor, es perfectamente posible que el HMG reconozca a una persona de jure y a otra de facto, como el propio Lord Reid contempl&oacute; en Gdynia Amerika Line v Boguslawski.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Traducci&oacute;n realizada por Deepl. de estos extractos:</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Plainly, when the Foreign Secretary in the present case stated that HMG &ldquo;now recognises Juan Guaid&oacute; as the constitutional interim President of Venezuela&rdquo;, he was not saying that Mr Guaid&oacute; was exercising effective control over the territory of Venezuela and that such control was firmly established. To read these words in that way would be inconsistent with the remainder of the statement, protesting as it does about the continuing oppression of the Venezuelan people by &ldquo;the illegitimate, kleptocratic Maduro regime&rdquo;. Accordingly the statement cannot be read as recognising Mr Guaid&oacute; as President de jure in the Oppenheim sense, so as to leave no room for the possibility of continuing to recognise Mr Maduro as President de facto.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Oppenheim&rsquo;s International Law at paragraph 46:</p><p>&ldquo;States granting recognition often distinguish between de jure recognition and de facto recognition. These terms are convenient but elliptical: the terms de jure or de facto qualify the state or government recognised rather than the act of recognition itself.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Those terms are in this context probably not capable of literal analysis, particularly in terms of the ius to which recognition de jure refers. The distinction between de jure and de facto recognition is in essence that the former is the fullest kind of&nbsp;recognition while the latter is a lesser degree of recognition, taking account on a provisional basis of present realities. Thus de facto recognition takes place when, in the view of the recognising state, the new authority, although actually independent and wielding effective power in the territory under&nbsp;its control, has not acquired sufficient stability or does not as yet offer prospects of complying with other requirements of recognition.&rdquo;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>It is apparent that to describe recognition of de jure sovereignty as &ldquo;the fullest recognition which can be given&rdquo; is to use the term in the Oppenheim sense (indeed, this phrase echoes the language of Oppenheim set out at [80] above). Similarly Lord Hodson&rsquo;s statement at 925C-D, that when the U.S.S.R. was recognised as having de jure sovereignty, there was no room for any other de facto recognition, must be understood as using these terms in the Oppenheim sense. However, these dicta cast no doubt on the fact that, when these terms are used in the Luther v Sagor sense, it is perfectly possible for HMG to recognise one person de jure and another de facto, as Lord Reid himself contemplated in Gdynia Amerika Line v Boguslawski.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Sentencia: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Maduro-Board-v-Guaido-Board-judgment.pdf &nbsp;</p>',
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			'title' => 'Asociación Civil El Semillero y la Escuelita de Los Llanos',
			'description' => '<p>Esta es una presentaci&oacute;n de la Asociaci&oacute;n civil que se ocupa de recolectar fondos para mantener la Escuelita de Los Llanos., un lugar excepcional en donde ni&ntilde;os venezolanos de menores recursos reciben el trato y la educaci&oacute;n que muchos ni&ntilde;os de familias con mayor poder adquisitivo desear&iacute;an recibir. Dale un vistazo y si te parece una labor que vale la pena apoyar, &iexcl;cont&aacute;ctalos! Los ni&ntilde;os en Los Lanas de Venezuela estar&aacute;n inmensamente agradecidos. &nbsp;</p>',
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Los niños en Los Lanas de Venezuela estarán inmensamente agradecidos.',
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			'id' => '23',
			'title' => 'SNC va en dirección de SKC',
			'description' => '<p>Querido lector:</p><p>En los &uacute;ltimos d&iacute;as, nuestra cofundadora Mar&iacute;a Gabriela Sarmiento ha lanzado una empresa de consultor&iacute;a independiente de&nbsp;SNC. La gesti&oacute;n, administraci&oacute;n, finanzas, asuntos fiscales, deberes y responsabilidades de la nueva firma fundada no tienen ning&uacute;n nexo legal directo o indirecto con SNC. El nombre de la firma reci&eacute;n incorporada es Sarmiento Klumpner Consulting. El nombre le permitir&aacute; identificarla f&aacute;cilmente a trav&eacute;s de su marca corporativa.</p><p>Una caracter&iacute;stica importante de esta nueva firma es que el &uacute;nico beneficiario econ&oacute;mico de la firma es su fundadora, Mar&iacute;a Gabriela Sarmiento. T&oacute;melo como una especie de emancipaci&oacute;n. Mar&iacute;a Gabriela, que es abogada inscrita en el Colegio de Abogados de Caracas, seguir&aacute; sin embargo trabajando estrechamente con su socia de hace veinte a&ntilde;os, la jurista francesa Rachel Pachoud, en todos los asuntos relacionados con el Derecho franc&eacute;s. Rachel y Mar&iacute;a Gabriela hicieron una maestr&iacute;a en Derecho Mercantil Internacional juntas en Francia. Mar&iacute;a Gabriela lleva por supuesto su cartera a SKC, que seguir&aacute; prestando asesoramiento jur&iacute;dico a sus clientes. Ella&nbsp;seguir&aacute; trabajando en su tesis doctoral relacionada con la recuperaci&oacute;n de activos extranjeros robados&nbsp;y su restituci&oacute;n al pa&iacute;s de origen, una vez queestos hayan sido localizados e identificados en un centro financiero offshore. &nbsp;</p><p>SKC podr&aacute; utilizar temporalmente los nombres de dominio snconsult.com y snconsult.ch, porque los nombres de dominio skconsult.ch y .com est&aacute;n ocupados. &nbsp;Sin embargo, se ha reservado tentativamente los nombres de dominio sklegalconsult.ch y consultsk.ch.&nbsp;</p><p>Cuando haya un cambio pol&iacute;tico en Venezuela,&nbsp;se retiren las sanciones econ&oacute;micas, y se excluya al pa&iacute;s de&nbsp;la lista de pa&iacute;ses de alto riesgo, Mar&iacute;a Gabriela considerar&aacute; volver a trabajar con el SNC. Las ra&iacute;ces no ser&aacute;n olvidadas. Se podr&aacute;n simplemente &quot;en reposo&quot;.</p><p>Saludos cordiales,</p><p>Grupo SNC<br />27 de mayo de 2020</p>',
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		'News' => array(
			'id' => '21',
			'title' => 'Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Embajada Vzla en Berna',
			'description' => '<p>Esta es la lista no actualizada correspodiente a los venezolanos residenciados en Suiza inscritos en el Registro Electoral del CNE llevado por la Embajada de la Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela en Berna.</p>',
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			'created' => '2016-09-22 21:26:27',
			'modified' => '2025-07-16 18:00:53',
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			'name' => 'Listado del Registro Electoral del CNE - Emb Berna',
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			'status_id' => '1',
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	),
	(int) 2 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '4',
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			'language_type_id' => '1'
		)
	),
	(int) 4 => array(
		'PublicationsCategory' => array(
			'id' => '14',
			'title' => 'Tesis doctoral en Derecho MGS',
			'status_id' => '1',
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	)
)
$title_for_layout = ''
$page = 'home'
$subpage = null
$url_img = 'http://wspanel.snconsult.com/img/photos/'
$content_for_layout = '<h2>Release Notes for CakePHP 2.5.6.</h2>
<p>
	<a href="http://cakephp.org/changelogs/2.5.6">Read the changelog</a></p>
	<p id="url-rewriting-warning" style="background-color:#e32; color:#fff;">
		URL rewriting is not properly configured on your server.		1) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/installation/url-rewriting.html" style="color:#fff;">Help me configure it</a>
		2) <a target="_blank" href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/development/configuration.html#cakephp-core-configuration" style="color:#fff;">I don't / can't use URL rewriting</a>
	</p>
<p>
<span class="notice success">Your version of PHP is 5.2.8 or higher.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your tmp directory is writable.</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">The <em>FileEngine</em> is being used for core caching. To change the config edit APP/Config/core.php</span></p>
<p>
	<span class="notice success">Your database configuration file is present.</span></p>
	<p>
		<span class="notice success">CakePHP is able to connect to the database.</span>	</p>

<p>
	<span class="notice">DebugKit is not installed. It will help you inspect and debug different aspects of your application.<br/>You can install it from <a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">GitHub</a></span></p>

<h3>Editing this Page</h3>
<p>
To change the content of this page, edit: APP/View/Pages/home.ctp.<br />
To change its layout, edit: APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp.<br />
You can also add some CSS styles for your pages at: APP/webroot/css.</p>

<h3>Getting Started</h3>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/" target="_blank"><strong>New</strong> CakePHP 2.0 Docs</a></p>
<p>
	<a href="http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/tutorials-and-examples/blog/blog.html" target="_blank">The 15 min Blog Tutorial</a></p>

<h3>Official Plugins</h3>
<p>
<ul>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/debug_kit">DebugKit</a>:
		provides a debugging toolbar and enhanced debugging tools for CakePHP applications.	</li>
	<li>
		<a href="https://github.com/cakephp/localized">Localized</a>:
		contains various localized validation classes and translations for specific countries	</li>
</ul>
</p>

<h3>More about CakePHP</h3>
<p>
CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP which uses commonly known design patterns like Active Record, Association Data Mapping, Front Controller and MVC.</p>
<p>
Our primary goal is to provide a structured framework that enables PHP users at all levels to rapidly develop robust web applications, without any loss to flexibility.</p>

<ul>
	<li><a href="http://cakephp.org">CakePHP</a>
	<ul><li>The Rapid Development Framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://book.cakephp.org">CakePHP Documentation </a>
	<ul><li>Your Rapid Development Cookbook</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://api.cakephp.org">CakePHP API </a>
	<ul><li>Quick API Reference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://bakery.cakephp.org">The Bakery </a>
	<ul><li>Everything CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://plugins.cakephp.org">CakePHP Plugins </a>
	<ul><li>A comprehensive list of all CakePHP plugins created by the community</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://community.cakephp.org">CakePHP Community Center </a>
	<ul><li>Everything related to the CakePHP community in one place</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/cake-php">CakePHP Google Group </a>
	<ul><li>Community mailing list</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/cakephp">irc.freenode.net #cakephp</a>
	<ul><li>Live chat about CakePHP</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/">CakePHP Code </a>
	<ul><li>Find the CakePHP code on GitHub and contribute to the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/issues">CakePHP Issues </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Issues</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/wiki#roadmaps">CakePHP Roadmaps </a>
	<ul><li>CakePHP Roadmaps</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://training.cakephp.org">Training </a>
	<ul><li>Join a live session and get skilled with the framework</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefest.org">CakeFest </a>
	<ul><li>Don't miss our annual CakePHP conference</li></ul></li>
	<li><a href="http://cakefoundation.org">Cake Software Foundation </a>
	<ul><li>Promoting development related to CakePHP</li></ul></li>
</ul>
'
$scripts_for_layout = ''
include - APP/View/Elements/contacto.ctp, line 99
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 948
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 910
View::_renderElement() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 1213
View::element() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 418
include - APP/View/Layouts/default.ctp, line 159
View::_evaluate() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 948
View::_render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 910
View::renderLayout() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 542
View::render() - CORE/Cake/View/View.php, line 479
Controller::render() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 954
PagesController::display() - APP/Controller/PagesController.php, line 273
ReflectionMethod::invokeArgs() - [internal], line ??
Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/Cake/Controller/Controller.php, line 490
Dispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 191
Dispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/Cake/Routing/Dispatcher.php, line 165
[main] - APP/webroot/index.php, line 108

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